Can Blood Pressure Medications Affect Sexual Function?

For men, certain blood pressure medications may impact sexual function, although studies have not shown a similar effect in women. Some drugs can either decrease or enhance sexual performance. For example, calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine (Norvasc) and beta-blockers like metoprolol (Lopressor) and bisoprolol may contribute to erectile dysfunction. However, these side effects are typically temporary and tend to resolve after discontinuation of the medication. Psychological factors also play a role—being aware of potential side effects can create anxiety, which may further exacerbate sexual difficulties.

How Different Medications Influence Sexual Health

It's important to note that not all men experience sexual dysfunction while on blood pressure medications. In fact, some drugs may even improve sexual performance. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), commonly known as sartans—such as losartan and valsartan—have been associated with improved sexual function in some male patients. Due to this positive effect, sartans are often the preferred choice when prescribing antihypertensive treatment for younger men, especially those of reproductive age, to help maintain sexual health.

Choosing the Right Medication Matters

While calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers have the potential to cause sexual side effects, most patients who take them do not experience significant issues. Additionally, these effects are not a concern for women in terms of sexual function. However, for women who are planning a pregnancy, it is advisable to avoid angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) and ARBs, including both prils and sartans, as these medications are associated with an increased risk of fetal abnormalities if taken during pregnancy.