Hepatitis A Symptoms: Understanding the Two Main Types

Hepatitis A is a viral infection that affects the liver and can present in two primary forms: non-jaundiced and jaundiced. Recognizing the symptoms associated with each type is essential for early detection and proper care.

Non-Jaundiced Hepatitis A

In many cases, individuals infected with Hepatitis A experience what is known as the non-jaundiced form. This means that the typical yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice) does not occur. During the early phase of infection, symptoms often resemble those of the flu, such as fever, fatigue, general malaise, and a reduced appetite. This stage is sometimes referred to as the viremic phase, where the virus circulates in the bloodstream.

As the infection progresses, patients may begin to experience gastrointestinal symptoms. These can include nausea, vomiting, a distaste for fatty foods, and a general sense of weakness. Some individuals may also suffer from diarrhea, making it even more important to stay hydrated and monitor symptoms closely.

Jaundiced Hepatitis A

The jaundiced type of Hepatitis A includes all the symptoms of the non-jaundiced form, along with the hallmark sign of jaundice — a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. Many patients report feeling extremely tired and losing their appetite. Additionally, dark-colored urine — often described as resembling strong tea — is a common indicator of elevated bilirubin levels in the blood.

When medical professionals conduct blood tests on patients with jaundiced Hepatitis A, they typically find significant increases in liver enzymes such as ALT and AST. In some cases, bilirubin levels are also elevated, further confirming the presence of liver inflammation due to the Hepatitis A virus.

Common Features of Both Types

Regardless of whether someone experiences the non-jaundiced or jaundiced form, Hepatitis A typically presents as an acute illness with a sudden onset. Both types share the characteristic signs of acute hepatitis, including elevated liver enzymes and, in some cases, increased bilirubin levels. These laboratory findings are key indicators used by doctors to diagnose Hepatitis A and differentiate it from other forms of liver disease.

Understanding the symptoms and progression of Hepatitis A can help individuals seek timely medical attention and take the necessary precautions to prevent spreading the virus to others.