Can Proctitis Cause Blood in Stool?

Proctitis refers to the inflammation of the rectum, and it can lead to various uncomfortable symptoms. Common manifestations include a feeling of rectal fullness, diarrhea, tenesmus, blood in the stool, mucus-filled bowel movements, or a combination of mucus and blood. In mild cases, only the mucous membrane is affected, while in more severe cases, the inflammation may extend to deeper layers such as the submucosa, muscularis, or even the surrounding tissues of the rectum. Sometimes, only a portion of the rectum is affected, while in other cases, the entire rectum or even the anal region may be involved.

Understanding the Symptoms of Proctitis

Acute proctitis that persists over time can develop into chronic proctitis. Depending on the underlying cause, symptoms can vary, but the most common ones include:

1. Blood in the Stool

One of the key signs of proctitis is rectal bleeding or the passage of mucus mixed with blood during bowel movements. This occurs due to the inflammation and irritation of the rectal lining, which can lead to small blood vessels breaking and causing visible bleeding.

2. Rectal Pain

Some types of proctitis—especially those caused by infections such as gonorrhea, herpes simplex virus, or cytomegalovirus—can result in significant rectal and anal pain. The discomfort can range from mild irritation to severe burning or aching sensations.

3. Changes in Bowel Habits

Patients may also experience abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, or alternating episodes of both. These symptoms may be accompanied by systemic signs such as fever, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and unintentional weight loss. Additionally, individuals may feel a burning sensation in the anus, a sensation of incomplete evacuation (tenesmus), or a persistent urge to pass stool even when the bowels are empty.

Other Conditions That Can Cause Rectal Bleeding

It's important to note that rectal bleeding can also be a symptom of other conditions such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, ulcerative proctitis, rectal polyps, or even rectal cancer. Each of these conditions has its own set of associated symptoms and risk factors, making it essential to receive a proper diagnosis from a medical professional.

Why Medical Evaluation Is Crucial

If you experience persistent rectal bleeding or any of the above symptoms, it is highly recommended to visit a healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation. A colonoscopy or other diagnostic tests can help identify the exact cause of bleeding and rule out more serious conditions. Early detection and treatment are key to managing proctitis effectively and improving long-term outcomes.