Causes Of Anal Heaviness And How To Treat It

Anal heaviness is a common symptom seen in proctology, and it can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions. While the sensation may seem minor, it is often a sign of more serious issues that require medical attention. Below are some of the most common causes of anal heaviness:

1. Inflammation Of The Anal Sinus

One of the primary causes of anal discomfort is inflammation of the anal sinus. This condition can vary in duration and often presents with symptoms such as frequent urges to defecate, increased heaviness during bowel movements, or pain radiating to the sacral region. Some patients may also experience loose stools or the presence of mucus and occasional blood in the stool.

2. Rectal Inflammation And Internal Rectal Prolapse

Rectal Inflammation

During a colonoscopy, rectal inflammation may appear as swollen and red mucous membranes with excessive secretions. Ulcers and bleeding are also common indicators of this condition. If the inflammation affects the anal sinuses, the affected area may appear red and discharge a small amount of pus, often accompanied by a feeling of pressure or discomfort when touched.

Internal Rectal Prolapse

Internal rectal prolapse occurs when the lining of the upper rectum folds into the lower rectum or anal canal during bowel movements. This can lead to a persistent feeling of incomplete evacuation, even after passing stool. Common symptoms include straining during bowel movements, anal heaviness, increased frequency of defecation, mucus or blood in the stool, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and even urinary disturbances.

3. Malignant Tumors Of The Rectum And Anal Canal

In more severe cases, anal heaviness can be a symptom of rectal or anal cancer. This typically occurs in the middle to late stages of the disease and is accompanied by frequent urges to defecate, tenesmus (a feeling of needing to pass stools even when the bowels are empty), and the presence of pus or blood in the stool. Patients may also experience weight loss, fatigue, and weakness. During a digital rectal exam, a hard mass may be felt inside the rectum or anal canal, often accompanied by foul-smelling discharge or blood on the glove. A biopsy is usually necessary for a definitive diagnosis.

4. Perianal Abscess

Perianal abscesses can develop suddenly and are often misdiagnosed due to their deep location and lack of typical pain symptoms. Because some abscesses occur in areas controlled by the autonomic nervous system, pain may not be the primary symptom. Instead, patients may feel a sensation of fullness, pressure, or rectal irritation.

5. Functional And Neurological Causes

In some cases, patients experience anal heaviness without any identifiable physical cause. This may be linked to a functional disorder or a neurological condition such as proctalgia fugax or even a psychosomatic issue like rectal neurosis. Determining the exact cause of anal heaviness requires a visit to a qualified proctologist at a reputable medical facility. Only after a thorough examination and appropriate diagnostic tests can the underlying condition be identified and treated effectively.