How to Treat Acute Gastroenteritis

Acute gastroenteritis is a common digestive condition characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Some patients may also experience fever. When someone presents with these symptoms, it's important to perform initial diagnostic tests including a complete blood count (CBC), stool analysis, and electrolyte level checks to determine the severity and cause of the infection.

Diagnostic Evaluation

Before starting treatment, healthcare providers typically run blood and stool tests to identify whether the infection is bacterial or viral. A CBC may reveal elevated white blood cell and neutrophil levels, which are indicators of bacterial infection. In such cases, antibiotic therapy may be necessary, either in oral form or intravenous, depending on the patient's condition.

Medication Options

For Acid-Related Symptoms

If the patient experiences heartburn or acid regurgitation, acid-suppressing medications such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like rabeprazole, omeprazole, or pantoprazole can be effective. These drugs help reduce stomach acid and alleviate discomfort.

Managing Diarrhea

In cases of frequent bowel movements, medications like smectite powder (Montmorillonite) can be used to absorb toxins and protect the intestinal lining. Additionally, probiotics such as Ate Ning (a microbiome regulator) may help restore healthy gut bacteria and improve digestion.

Relieving Abdominal Pain

For significant abdominal pain, antispasmodic medications such as oxybutynin or belladonna extract can provide relief by relaxing the gastrointestinal muscles and reducing cramping.

Supportive and Complementary Therapies

In some cases, natural or herbal remedies can support recovery. For example, Kangfuxin solution, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to protect the gastrointestinal mucosa and promote healing. It can be used alongside conventional treatments to enhance recovery.

Hydration and Electrolyte Balance

Maintaining hydration is crucial, especially when diarrhea and vomiting are severe. Oral rehydration solutions or intravenous fluids may be necessary to prevent dehydration and restore essential electrolytes like potassium and sodium.

When to Seek Medical Help

If symptoms persist beyond 48 hours, worsen, or are accompanied by high fever, severe dehydration, or bloody stools, it's important to seek immediate medical attention. These could be signs of a more serious infection or complication requiring advanced care.