Adhesions in the Intestines: Understanding the Causes and Symptoms

Intestinal adhesions are a type of abdominal adhesion that can either be present at birth or develop later in life. Congenital adhesions, though less common, are typically linked to developmental abnormalities or conditions like meconium peritonitis. Acquired adhesions, on the other hand, are more frequently observed and are often the result of abdominal inflammation, surgical procedures, trauma, internal bleeding, or the presence of foreign materials.

How Adhesions Develop

Various factors can lead to increased fluid buildup within the abdominal cavity, ultimately resulting in the formation of fibrous bands that connect tissues and organs that aren't meant to be connected. These fibrous bands, known as adhesions, can tether organs together, with the small intestine being the most commonly affected area. When adhesions occur in the small intestine, they can lead to a condition known as adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Symptoms and Signs

In many cases, intestinal adhesions don't produce any specific symptoms. However, when the intestinal lumen narrows, inflammation occurs, or there's excessive content in the bowel, symptoms may arise. Rapid intestinal movement can also trigger noticeable effects. Common symptoms include abdominal pain and bloating, nausea, vomiting, and a complete cessation of bowel movements and gas passage through the anus.

Impact on Digestive Health

When adhesions interfere with normal bowel function, they can significantly affect a person's quality of life. The blockage caused by adhesions can prevent food, fluids, and gas from moving through the intestines properly, leading to discomfort and potentially serious complications if left untreated. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for preventing severe outcomes.