How to Diagnose Intestinal Adhesions

Intestinal adhesions are typically diagnosed based on clinical experience and a patient's medical history. The majority of adhesions develop following abdominal surgeries. If a patient has a history of abdominal operations and begins experiencing symptoms of bowel obstruction—such as abdominal pain, bloating, and the inability to pass gas or stool—intestinal adhesions may be the underlying cause.

Diagnostic Methods for Intestinal Adhesions

While there is no single definitive test to diagnose adhesions, several approaches can help identify their presence. A thorough evaluation of the patient's surgical history combined with current symptoms plays a crucial role in the diagnostic process. Imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, are commonly used to visualize the abdominal structures and assess for signs of obstruction caused by adhesions.

Role of CT Scans

Abdominal CT scans can provide detailed images of the intestines and surrounding tissues, helping doctors detect abnormal connections or blockages. However, CT imaging alone may not always confirm the presence of adhesions, as they can be difficult to visualize directly. In such cases, further diagnostic procedures may be necessary.

Confirming Diagnosis Through Surgical Exploration

When imaging studies are inconclusive, exploratory surgery may be required to confirm the diagnosis. Two common methods include laparoscopic exploration and open laparotomy. Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows doctors to view the abdominal cavity through a small camera inserted via a tiny incision. In more complex or severe cases, a traditional open surgery may be performed to fully assess and address the issue.

Treatment Options for Adhesion-Related Obstruction

The primary treatment for intestinal adhesions involves conservative management, including medications to relieve symptoms and supportive care. If symptoms persist or complications arise, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove or manage the adhesions. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential in improving outcomes and reducing the risk of recurrent obstructions.