Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms and What You Need to Know

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine. One of the most noticeable symptoms is frequent bowel movements, often more than three times a day, with stools that are loose or unformed. Many individuals experience a sudden urge to have a bowel movement shortly after eating, which can be accompanied by abdominal discomfort or pain.

Key Signs of IBS: Diarrhea-Predominant Type

In the diarrhea-predominant form of IBS, people often feel relief from abdominal pain immediately after a bowel movement. This pattern—pain followed by defecation and relief—is a hallmark of the condition. The symptoms can vary in intensity and may come and go over time, making it difficult to predict flare-ups.

IBS with Constipation: Another Common Form

Another variation of IBS is the constipation-predominant type, where individuals experience changes in their bowel habits, such as infrequent stools or difficulty passing stool. Despite these symptoms, diagnostic tests like colonoscopies typically show no structural abnormalities in the intestines. Standard stool tests also appear normal, which helps distinguish IBS from other more serious digestive conditions.

When to Consider IBS

If you notice a consistent change in your bowel habits—such as alternating episodes of diarrhea and constipation—or experience abdominal pain that improves after a bowel movement, it may be time to consider IBS as a potential cause. Importantly, IBS does not cause progressive weight loss or lead to serious complications like intestinal damage.

Understanding IBS Diagnosis and Management

IBS is often diagnosed based on symptoms and the absence of other underlying diseases. Since there is no specific test for IBS, doctors rely on symptom patterns and may perform tests to rule out other conditions. Managing IBS usually involves dietary adjustments, lifestyle changes, and sometimes medications to help control symptoms and improve quality of life.