Causes and Triggers of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common and frequently occurring condition in clinical practice. While the exact causes of IBS are not yet fully understood, researchers believe that several contributing factors may play a role in its development.

Possible Causes from a Western Medicine Perspective

One of the key factors associated with IBS is psychological stress. Many individuals diagnosed with IBS experience anxiety, depression, tension, or high levels of work-related stress. These emotional imbalances can heighten the sensitivity of the gut, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and irregular bowel movements including diarrhea or constipation.

In addition to mental and emotional factors, imbalances in the gut microbiome are also considered significant contributors to the onset of IBS. The digestive tract contains a complex ecosystem of bacteria, and any disruption in this balance—known as dysbiosis—can affect digestion, immunity, and overall gut function, potentially triggering IBS symptoms.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) View on IBS Causes

From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine, IBS is often linked to internal imbalances involving the spleen and liver. Commonly identified patterns include liver-spleen disharmony, spleen deficiency with dampness obstruction, and general weakness of the spleen and stomach. These imbalances can lead to poor digestion, bloating, altered bowel habits, and discomfort.

In TCM theory, the spleen plays a central role in digestion and energy production, while the liver regulates the smooth flow of energy (Qi) throughout the body. When these systems are out of balance, especially under emotional stress or poor dietary habits, digestive disturbances like IBS can occur.