Can Superficial Gastritis Turn Into Cancer?

Superficial gastritis, also known as non-atrophic gastritis, is the most commonly diagnosed form of gastritis in clinical settings. This type of gastritis typically carries a low risk of developing into cancer. Patients often experience symptoms similar to functional dyspepsia, such as bloating, indigestion, and discomfort in the upper abdomen.

Understanding the Types of Gastritis

Gastritis can be broadly categorized into two main types: non-atrophic and atrophic gastritis. Non-atrophic gastritis affects the surface layers of the stomach lining, while atrophic gastritis involves thinning of the stomach lining and loss of gastric glandular cells, which can increase the risk of malignancy.

Is There a Cancer Risk With Superficial Gastritis?

Superficial gastritis rarely progresses to cancer. Studies suggest that the risk of cancer development is minimal in non-atrophic cases. However, if left untreated, some patients may eventually develop atrophic gastritis, which has a slightly higher risk of turning into gastric cancer—estimated at about 1% to 3% over time.

Importance of Early Treatment

Timely diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes. Most patients respond well to lifestyle changes and medical therapy, such as acid-reducing medications and eradication of Helicobacter pylori if present. In many cases, the condition can be fully resolved with proper care.

Avoiding Unnecessary Procedures

While monitoring is important, routine endoscopic exams are generally not required for patients with superficial gastritis unless symptoms persist or worsen. Overuse of endoscopy does not improve recovery and may lead to unnecessary financial strain and patient anxiety.