Duodenal Ulcer and Gastric Erosion: Effective Medications and Dietary Considerations

When treating duodenal ulcers and gastric erosions, several categories of medications are commonly used in clinical practice. These drugs target different aspects of the condition, helping to relieve symptoms, promote healing, and prevent complications.

Gastrointestinal Motility Regulators

For patients experiencing weak gastrointestinal motility, prokinetic agents can be highly effective. Medications such as domperidone (Motilium) and cisapride help enhance the movement of the digestive tract, ensuring smoother digestion and reducing discomfort associated with delayed gastric emptying.

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

One of the most important classes of drugs for treating ulcers and erosions are proton pump inhibitors. These medications work by significantly reducing the production of stomach acid, which in turn helps alleviate pain and accelerates the healing of the mucosal lining. Commonly prescribed PPIs include omeprazole, pantoprazole, and lansoprazole.

Antibiotics for H. pylori Eradication

Since Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a common cause of peptic ulcers, antibiotic therapy plays a crucial role in treatment. A combination of antibiotics such as amoxicillin, metronidazole, and clarithromycin is often used to effectively eliminate the bacteria and prevent recurrence of ulcers.

Protective Agents for Gastric Mucosa

In addition to acid suppression and antibiotic therapy, mucosal protectants are also essential in the treatment regimen. Drugs like sucralfate, colloidal bismuth pectin (such as De-Nol), and other agents like mizolastine (Mizonyl) form a protective layer over the damaged mucosa, shielding it from further irritation and promoting tissue repair.

Importance of Dietary Adjustments

While medication is vital, dietary habits also play a significant role in recovery. Patients should avoid spicy, acidic, or overly processed foods that can irritate the gastrointestinal lining. Instead, a diet rich in low-salt, low-fat, and low-cholesterol foods is recommended. Incorporating nutrient-dense meals can support tissue healing and strengthen the gastrointestinal barrier function.

Lifestyle Modifications for Better Outcomes

Alongside medical treatment and dietary changes, patients are encouraged to adopt healthier lifestyle habits. This includes quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, and managing stress effectively—factors that can all contribute to the development and worsening of ulcers and gastric erosions.