Duodenal Bulb Ulcer Symptoms and Diagnosis

Duodenal bulb ulcers are a common type of peptic ulcer that occurs in the first part of the small intestine, known as the duodenum. One of the most typical symptoms is upper abdominal pain, often described as a burning or gnawing sensation. This pain usually follows a specific pattern, often appearing when the stomach is empty and sometimes relieved after eating or taking antacids. Many patients also experience discomfort during the night, which can disrupt sleep.

Common Signs and Symptoms

In addition to abdominal pain, individuals with a duodenal bulb ulcer may suffer from various digestive issues. These can include bloating, nausea, belching, and a general feeling of indigestion. In more severe cases, the ulcer may cause gastrointestinal bleeding, which can lead to the passage of black, tarry stools—medically known as melena. Mild or short-lived bleeding might not always produce noticeable symptoms, but prolonged blood loss can result in signs of anemia, such as fatigue, dizziness, and paleness.

Diagnostic Methods

Endoscopic Examination

The most reliable way to diagnose a duodenal bulb ulcer is through an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. During this procedure, a flexible tube with a camera is inserted through the mouth into the stomach and duodenum. The ulcer typically appears as a localized mucosal defect in the duodenal bulb. It may be covered with a white coating, and its size can vary from small to large.

Final Thoughts

Diagnosis of a duodenal ulcer is generally based on both clinical symptoms and endoscopic findings. If you experience persistent abdominal pain or signs of bleeding, it is important to seek medical attention. Early detection and treatment can prevent complications and improve long-term outcomes.