Treatment Options for Duodenal Ulcers: Medications and Therapies

A duodenal ulcer is a type of peptic ulcer that develops in the first part of the small intestine, known as the duodenum. It is often associated with excessive stomach acid production. To effectively manage this condition, a combination of medications is typically recommended. The primary treatment involves acid-suppressing drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 receptor antagonists. PPIs are usually taken on an empty stomach for maximum effectiveness, as they significantly reduce gastric acid secretion.

Medications That Protect the Digestive Lining

In addition to acid-reducing therapies, it is important to use medications that protect the mucosal lining of the stomach and duodenum. These include bismuth compounds and antacids containing aluminum and magnesium. These drugs work by neutralizing stomach acid and forming a protective barrier over the ulcer site, which promotes healing. Some patients may also benefit from medications like Kangfuxin, which has tissue-repairing properties and helps in the regeneration of damaged mucosa.

Addressing Helicobacter pylori Infection

If a Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is identified as the underlying cause of the duodenal ulcer, a targeted eradication therapy is necessary. This usually involves a triple or quadruple therapy regimen that combines acid-suppressing agents with antibiotics. The standard medications used in this treatment include a proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole, antibiotics like amoxicillin and clarithromycin, and a mucosal protective agent such as colloidal bismuth pectin.

Why Combination Therapy Works

The success of this treatment lies in its multi-targeted approach: suppressing acid production allows the ulcer to heal, while antibiotics eliminate the bacterial infection responsible for chronic inflammation. The addition of mucosal protectants further enhances the healing process by shielding the ulcerated area from further irritation. Completing the full course of antibiotics is crucial to prevent antibiotic resistance and ensure long-term recovery.