Dysentery Symptoms And Treatment Options

Dysentery is a serious gastrointestinal infection that can cause a range of uncomfortable and potentially dangerous symptoms. Common signs include frequent diarrhea, severe abdominal cramps, and in more advanced cases, the presence of mucus or blood in the stool. Many patients also experience fever and flu-like symptoms alongside digestive discomfort. In some instances, individuals may suffer from upper digestive tract issues such as nausea and vomiting, which can further complicate recovery.

The diagnosis of dysentery typically requires a detailed medical history, particularly recent consumption of contaminated food or water. A stool test is crucial for confirming the condition, with laboratory results often showing high levels of white blood cells—typically more than 15 per high-power field—and sometimes red blood cells as well. Culturing the stool sample can identify the presence of Shigella bacteria, which is a primary cause of bacterial dysentery.

This illness is primarily caused by bacterial infection, particularly from the Shigella family. Effective treatment usually involves antibiotic therapy, with fluoroquinolones being the preferred choice for adult patients due to their effectiveness in eliminating the bacteria. Proper hydration and rest are also essential components of the recovery process.

As a contagious disease, dysentery spreads mainly through the fecal-oral route. When someone in the household is diagnosed with bacillary dysentery, special attention should be given to personal and environmental hygiene. Important preventive measures include thorough handwashing with soap and water, especially after using the toilet, and proper disinfection of bathroom surfaces. These steps significantly reduce the risk of spreading the infection to other family members.