Enlarged Prostate: Understanding the Causes and Symptoms

Enlarged prostate, medically known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), refers to the non-cancerous growth of the prostate gland. In older men, this condition is commonly caused by natural cellular proliferation within the prostate, which can compress the urethra and lead to urinary difficulties. The prostate is a key part of the male reproductive system and is highly responsive to male hormones, particularly testosterone and its derivatives.

As men age, the prostate tends to grow larger due to prolonged exposure to these hormones. For many older individuals, the prostate can increase in size from a normal weight of 12–20 grams in younger men to as much as 100 grams or even over 200 grams in some cases. This enlargement can lead to a variety of urinary symptoms, including frequent urination, difficulty starting or maintaining a urine stream, and even urinary retention.

In younger men, prostate enlargement is often linked to inflammation caused by prostatitis, swelling, or congestion. These conditions can mimic the symptoms of BPH and require proper diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications. It's important for men of all ages to consult a healthcare provider if they experience persistent urinary issues.

Left untreated, an enlarged prostate can lead to more serious health concerns, such as bladder damage, urinary tract infections, and even kidney dysfunction. Early detection and appropriate management are crucial in maintaining quality of life and preventing long-term complications.

Understanding the underlying causes and recognizing the symptoms early can help men take proactive steps in managing prostate health as they age.