Ultrasound Features of Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis, or inflammation of the gallbladder, often presents with distinct findings on ultrasound imaging. One of the most common signs is a thickened gallbladder wall, which may appear uneven or irregular. In addition, the gallbladder itself may become enlarged due to impaired bile drainage. These changes are typically associated with underlying conditions such as gallstones or polyps that obstruct the cystic duct.
Under normal circumstances, the gallbladder wall measures less than 2mm in thickness. However, during acute inflammation, the wall can thicken to 4–6mm or even more. Similarly, a normal gallbladder usually measures between 7–10cm in length, but in cases of cholecystitis, it may expand beyond 10cm due to retained bile.
Severe obstruction can lead to more dangerous complications, such as ischemia, necrosis, or even perforation of the gallbladder wall. Clinically, patients often experience right upper quadrant tenderness, referred pain, and a positive Murphy's sign. Fever and elevated white blood cell count are also commonly observed.
When diagnosed early, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is often recommended to remove the inflamed gallbladder. This minimally invasive procedure typically leads to rapid symptom relief and improved patient outcomes.