Purulent Cholecystitis: Understanding The Severity And Treatment Options

Purulent cholecystitis is a serious medical condition that requires prompt attention. It is a form of acute biliary infection characterized by severe inflammation of the gallbladder filled with pus. Patients often experience intense abdominal pain, and in more severe cases, the infection can lead to systemic toxicity, resulting in symptoms such as high fever, chills, and even liver dysfunction.

If left untreated, purulent cholecystitis can rapidly progress to life-threatening complications. These may include septic shock due to overwhelming infection, as well as gallbladder necrosis or perforation, which can spill infection into the abdominal cavity. Therefore, it is crucial to seek immediate medical care once diagnosed with acute purulent cholecystitis.

The standard treatment approach typically begins with fasting and fluid restriction, often accompanied by gastric decompression to reduce irritation to the gallbladder. Medications such as antibiotics are essential to control the infection and prevent further complications. Intravenous fluids are also administered to maintain hydration, balance electrolytes, and provide necessary nutrition.

In more advanced cases, interventions such as percutaneous gallbladder drainage or surgical procedures like cholecystostomy or cholecystectomy may be required to relieve pressure and remove the source of infection. Special attention should be given to elderly patients, who may not exhibit typical symptoms like severe pain. Instead, they might present with early signs of shock or systemic infection, making diagnosis more challenging but even more critical.

In conclusion, purulent cholecystitis is a potentially dangerous condition that demands timely and appropriate treatment. Recognizing the symptoms and understanding the risks can help patients and caregivers make informed decisions about seeking medical care.