How Is Stomach Tumor Surgery Performed?

Stomach tumors can be classified into two main types: benign and malignant. The surgical approach depends on several factors, including the tumor's nature, location, size, and whether it has spread to nearby lymph nodes or organs.

For benign tumors, especially smaller ones located in the gastric antrum or gastric body, endoscopic resection is often the preferred method. This minimally invasive technique allows surgeons to remove the tumor through the mouth using an endoscope, reducing recovery time and avoiding open surgery.

In cases of early-stage malignant tumors where there is no lymph node involvement, a localized resection may be sufficient. This involves removing the tumor along with a small margin of surrounding healthy tissue without the need for extensive lymph node dissection.

However, for more advanced tumors suspected of spreading to nearby lymph nodes, a more aggressive approach is required. A partial gastrectomy combined with lymph node clearance is typically performed to ensure complete removal of cancerous tissue. This procedure involves removing a portion of the stomach along with affected lymph nodes.

In late-stage cases where the tumor has significantly progressed and invaded surrounding organs, a total gastrectomy may be necessary. This involves removing the entire stomach, sometimes along with parts of adjacent organs, such as the spleen or part of the esophagus, in addition to extensive lymph node removal.

Ultimately, the choice of surgical method must be tailored to each patient based on the tumor's characteristics and the individual's overall health condition. A comprehensive evaluation by a multidisciplinary medical team is essential to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for each case.