How to Remove Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs)

With the advancement of endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques, patients now have multiple surgical options for removing gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). For tumors smaller than 2–3 cm, endoscopic surgery is often recommended, allowing for minimally invasive removal while preserving the stomach structure. This approach results in less trauma and faster recovery.

In cases where the tumor is larger than 5 cm, shows potential for malignancy, or is growing into the gastric cavity, laparoscopic surgery may be the preferred method. This technique enables complete tumor resection while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. Most patients undergoing laparoscopic procedures only require a localized gastric resection, which leads to quicker healing and shorter hospital stays.

Regardless of the surgical method used, pathological examination of the removed tumor is crucial. This step helps confirm the tumor's nature and identify any malignant changes. Additionally, genetic testing is often performed to determine if targeted therapies like imatinib (Gleevec) are appropriate for follow-up treatment. These targeted drugs can significantly improve outcomes, especially in high-risk or recurrent cases.

In summary, modern surgical techniques offer effective and less invasive options for treating GISTs. However, accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment planning remain essential for optimal patient care.