Gastric Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia Explained

Gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia is considered a precancerous condition. This diagnosis refers to abnormal changes in the cells lining the stomach, specifically in the antrum region. Intraepithelial neoplasia is categorized into two main types: low-grade and high-grade. High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia is typically regarded as an early form of cancer, while low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia has the potential to progress to the high-grade form and eventually to cancer.

Statistical studies indicate that patients diagnosed with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia may experience various outcomes. Between 38% and 75% of these patients show completely normal mucosa over time, and 19% to 50% may maintain the low-grade condition without progression. However, a small percentage of patients may develop gastric cancer, highlighting the importance of early detection and monitoring.

Following a gastroscopy and biopsy confirmation of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, patients are advised to undergo regular follow-up and appropriate treatment to reduce the risk of cancer development. Close observation is crucial in managing this condition effectively.

Gastric cancer remains a significant health threat globally, ranking second or third among malignant tumors in terms of both incidence and mortality. The transformation from normal cells to cancerous cells is a gradual process that involves several stages. Based on cellular and structural differences, this process can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe dysplasia. In 2000, the World Health Organization updated its classification system for gastrointestinal tumors, introducing the concept of intraepithelial neoplasia to better define these precancerous changes.

Understanding the progression of gastric lesions is key to preventing cancer development. Early diagnosis and proper management of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce the risk of malignant transformation.