Gastric Xanthelasma: Should It Be Surgically Treated?

Gastric xanthelasma is a commonly encountered benign condition in clinical practice, which can potentially undergo malignant transformation. It is often difficult to distinguish from early-stage gastric cancer, making endoscopic removal or even surgical intervention necessary in many cases. The condition is typically associated with factors such as infections, chronic inflammation, and dietary habits. When surgery is not an option, managing underlying infections—such as Helicobacter pylori—or other forms of chronic gastritis becomes a priority.

Adopting a healthy diet plays a crucial role in managing gastric xanthelasma. Patients are encouraged to consume more fruits and vegetables while avoiding processed and unhealthy foods. Additionally, it's important to address any underlying conditions such as autoimmune diseases or lipid metabolism disorders, which may contribute to the development of the condition.

In some cases, xanthelasma lesions may resolve on their own after the underlying health issues are treated. However, if the patient is a suitable candidate for surgery, endoscopic resection offers a minimally invasive treatment option. This procedure not only helps alleviate symptoms but also allows for a definitive diagnosis, effectively ruling out the possibility of early gastric cancer.

Endoscopic removal is currently considered the gold standard for diagnosing and treating gastric xanthelasma, especially when there's diagnostic uncertainty or a risk of malignancy. Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes and reduce long-term complications.