Bile Reflux Gastritis Explained

Bile reflux gastritis is a common gastrointestinal condition treated by specialists in digestive health. This condition occurs when bile, a fluid produced by the liver to aid in digestion, flows backward from the small intestine into the stomach. Normally, bile is stored in the gallbladder and released into the duodenum through the common bile duct to help break down fats. However, when the pyloric valve at the lower end of the stomach doesn't function properly, bile can travel back into the stomach, causing irritation and inflammation of the stomach lining.

When bile enters the stomach, it can damage the mucosal layer due to the presence of bile salts. This may lead to symptoms such as gastric erosion, inflammation, and discomfort. During endoscopic examination, doctors often observe a yellow-green fluid—indicative of bile—coating the stomach walls, especially in the gastric body or antrum.

Patients suffering from this condition may experience a variety of symptoms, including upper abdominal pain, bloating, indigestion, and belching. The pain can range from a dull ache to sharp, stabbing sensations. These symptoms can significantly affect quality of life and should be addressed with appropriate medical care.

Treatment typically involves the use of medications that protect the stomach lining and neutralize bile. For example, antacids such as aluminum magnesium carbonate are often prescribed to help bind bile and reduce its harmful effects on the stomach mucosa. Lifestyle modifications and dietary changes may also be recommended to manage and prevent recurrence of the condition.