What Does a Positive Hepatitis B e-Antibody Test Result Mean?

A positive hepatitis B e-antibody (HBeAb) test typically indicates a decrease in viral replication and a reduction in the person's ability to transmit the virus to others. When the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), e-antibody, and core antibody (HBcAb) are all positive, it is referred to as "small three positives" or a less active phase of hepatitis B infection. In this case, the virus is not actively replicating, and the individual's infectiousness is significantly reduced.

If only the HBeAb and HBcAb are positive, it suggests a past infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The body has successfully cleared the virus and is in the recovery phase, although it has not yet developed a protective surface antibody. This situation may occur during the transition from infection to full recovery.

In cases where all three antibodies — hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), e-antibody, and core antibody — are present, it means the person has recovered from a previous HBV infection. The presence of HBsAb confirms that the immune system has developed long-term protection against the virus. The higher the antibody titer, the stronger the immune protection is considered to be.

It's important to understand what each test result signifies and how it fits into the overall picture of a person's hepatitis B status. Consulting with a healthcare provider for accurate interpretation and follow-up testing is highly recommended.