Chronic Hepatitis B: Recognizing the Common Symptoms and Signs

Chronic hepatitis B can often progress silently, with symptoms appearing only after significant liver damage has occurred. When symptoms do arise, they may include a range of non-specific signs that can easily be overlooked. One of the most common early indicators is a general feeling of malaise, often accompanied by fatigue, weakness, and a lack of energy.

Persistent nausea and loss of appetite are also frequently reported by patients. These symptoms may be accompanied by a distaste for fatty foods, abdominal discomfort, bloating, and in some cases, vomiting. Such digestive disturbances can lead to unintentional weight loss and further weakness.

Discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen is another notable symptom. This area corresponds to the location of the liver, and tenderness or pain here can signal inflammation or enlargement of the organ.

As the disease progresses, more visible signs of liver dysfunction may appear. Jaundice is a key warning sign, characterized by yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, along with dark, tea-colored urine. Some patients may also experience pale, clay-colored stools and intense itching due to bile buildup in the bloodstream—a condition known as cholestasis.

Low-grade fever and skin rashes can also occur, particularly in individuals with heightened immune responses. These symptoms are typically linked to the body's reaction to the virus and may fluctuate depending on the state of liver function.

It is important to note that many individuals with chronic hepatitis B may not exhibit noticeable symptoms for years, even as liver damage progresses. This asymptomatic nature of the disease underscores the importance of regular medical check-ups, especially for those at higher risk. Blood tests and imaging studies are essential tools in diagnosing chronic hepatitis B and determining whether antiviral treatment is necessary.

If you suspect you may be at risk or have been exposed to the hepatitis B virus, consult a healthcare professional for screening and early intervention options.