What Does a Hepatitis B Core Antibody Level of 17 Mean?

When a person's hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) level is 17 PEI U/ml, it indicates a positive result for this specific antibody. However, interpreting what this means requires a broader understanding of the individual's hepatitis B status, particularly by evaluating the full hepatitis B panel, also known as the "hepatitis B five-panel test." Here's how to interpret the results in different scenarios:

1. Positive Core Antibody Only

If the hepatitis B core antibody is the only positive marker, it typically means the person was infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the past but has since cleared the virus from their body. In this case, there is no current infection or immunity.

2. Positive Core Antibody and Positive HBsAg

If both the core antibody and the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are positive, it suggests an active hepatitis B infection. This could be either acute or chronic, and further testing and medical evaluation are necessary.

3. Positive Core Antibody and Positive Surface Antibody

When both the anti-HBc and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) are positive, it generally means the person had a past infection but has since recovered and developed immunity to the virus.

4. Surface Antibody Levels Above 10 PEI U/ml

A surface antibody level greater than 10 PEI U/ml is considered protective. This means the person is immune to hepatitis B, either due to successful vaccination or recovery from a past infection.

For individuals who are only positive for the hepatitis B core antibody, it's important to note that they do not have protective immunity against HBV. Even if they were infected in the past, their body has not developed the necessary surface antibodies to prevent future infection. In such cases, receiving the hepatitis B vaccine is strongly recommended to stimulate the immune system and provide long-term protection against the virus.