What Does a Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Test Mean?

A positive result in a Hepatitis B surface antibody test indicates the presence of protective antibodies against the Hepatitis B virus in the body. These antibodies serve as a defense mechanism, helping to prevent infection from the Hepatitis B virus. A positive result typically occurs in individuals who have completed the Hepatitis B vaccination series, which consists of three doses administered at 0, 1, and 6 months. Following this schedule ensures the development of sufficient immunity against the virus.

In addition to vaccination, a positive test can also be seen in individuals who have recovered from an acute Hepatitis B infection. About six months after infection, the body may develop effective surface antibodies that provide long-term protection. These antibodies play a crucial role in preventing future infections by neutralizing the virus upon exposure.

For individuals with a negative Hepatitis B surface antibody test, it is recommended to undergo vaccination. The standard Hepatitis B vaccine series involves three doses of recombinant yeast-derived vaccine. The dosage typically used is 20μg for adults and 10μg for children, given at intervals of 0, 1, and 6 months. One to two months after the third dose, a follow-up blood test should be conducted to check antibody levels.

If the antibody level reaches at least 10mIU/mL, it indicates that the person has developed adequate immunity. This level of antibodies is considered protective and significantly reduces the risk of Hepatitis B infection. Regular monitoring may be advised for individuals in high-risk groups, such as healthcare workers or those with frequent exposure to blood products.