Can Chronic Hepatitis Cause Swelling?

Chronic hepatitis is a long-term condition, and in cases where the disease remains stable, the virus is well controlled, and there are no recurring flare-ups, patients typically do not experience symptoms such as swelling or edema. With effective antiviral treatment, the replication of the virus can be significantly suppressed, helping to maintain liver function. In addition, the use of liver-protecting agents and anti-fibrotic medications can help manage the condition and prevent severe liver damage. As long as complications like hypoalbuminemia or portal hypertension do not develop, symptoms such as ascites or leg swelling are unlikely to occur.

However, if the hepatitis frequently flares up and the viral load remains high, continuous liver cell damage may lead to fibrosis or even cirrhosis. This progression can result in significant portal hypertension, which is a key factor in the development of fluid accumulation. When liver function declines, it often leads to reduced protein synthesis, resulting in low blood protein levels. Elevated portal pressure also causes fluid to leak into the abdominal cavity or surrounding tissues, increasing the risk of ascites and peripheral edema.

Once symptoms like ascites or swelling appear, medical attention is necessary. Albumin supplementation, either through diet or intravenous administration, is often required to improve blood protein levels. Diuretics may also be prescribed to help remove excess fluid from the body. Additionally, patients should follow a low-sodium diet, as excessive salt intake can worsen fluid retention and swelling. Maintaining proper nutrition and closely monitoring liver health are essential for managing chronic hepatitis and preventing complications.