Managing Hepatitis Caused by Oral Anti-Tuberculosis Medications

Drug-induced hepatitis can occur as a side effect of taking oral anti-tuberculosis medications. This condition results from liver damage caused by chemical agents found in various medications, including those used for treating tuberculosis, cancer, and even common colds. It is important to distinguish this type of hepatitis from viral hepatitis, which has different causes and treatment approaches.

When drug-induced hepatitis develops, symptoms can vary widely among individuals. Some people may experience no symptoms at all, while others may develop more severe reactions. The onset of the condition typically occurs within 1 to 4 weeks after starting the medication. Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, jaundice, and pain in the liver area. In more serious cases, it can lead to complications such as impaired blood clotting, bleeding, and even liver failure.

The management of drug-induced hepatitis depends on the severity of the condition. If liver enzyme levels (such as ALT or AST) are less than three times the upper limit of normal and there are no symptoms, doctors may recommend close monitoring without discontinuing all tuberculosis medications immediately. However, if symptoms appear and liver enzymes rise above three times normal or bilirubin levels exceed twice the normal value, it is generally advised to stop all anti-tuberculosis drugs and begin treatment with liver-protecting medications under medical supervision.

Early detection and appropriate intervention are key to managing this condition effectively while ensuring that tuberculosis treatment can be safely resumed when possible.