Can Fatty Liver Cause Elevated Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels?

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is primarily associated with certain types of cancers, particularly colorectal cancer. It was first identified in the blood serum of patients with colon cancer and is often used as a tumor marker in clinical settings. While CEA is most commonly linked to gastrointestinal malignancies, elevated levels can also be seen in other conditions, including lung diseases, pancreatic disorders, and even some benign gastrointestinal conditions.

Fatty liver disease, including alcoholic fatty liver, may lead to a mild increase in CEA levels in rare cases. This is not because fatty liver directly causes cancer, but rather due to the relationship between inflammation, normal mucosal cells, and CEA production. In some benign liver diseases, especially those involving chronic inflammation or tissue damage, a slight elevation in CEA can occur.

It's important to note that an increase in CEA does not necessarily indicate cancer. Many non-cancerous conditions can cause temporary or mild elevations in CEA levels. For individuals experiencing unexplained increases in CEA, regular follow-up and screening, including gastrointestinal endoscopy, are recommended to monitor health and rule out serious conditions.

In summary, while fatty liver is not typically linked to significant CEA elevation, minor increases may occur due to inflammation or other benign factors. Patients should consult with their healthcare provider for proper evaluation and peace of mind.