Common Medical Tests for Fatty Liver Disease

When it comes to diagnosing fatty liver disease, there are several important medical tests that can help identify the condition and assess its severity. These tests are essential for early detection and effective management.

1. Blood Biochemistry Tests

Blood tests are a primary tool in evaluating liver health. These usually include liver function tests such as ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) and AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase), which are enzymes that may be elevated in people with liver damage. Additionally, lipid levels such as cholesterol and triglycerides are measured, as many individuals with fatty liver disease also have abnormal lipid profiles. Uric acid levels may also be checked, as elevated uric acid is often associated with this condition. Since some patients may be in the pre-diabetic stage, a comprehensive diabetes screening is recommended, including both fasting and post-meal blood glucose testing.

2. Imaging Examinations

Imaging techniques play a crucial role in confirming the presence of fatty liver and determining its progression. An abdominal ultrasound is typically the first imaging method used to detect fat accumulation in the liver and to rule out other potential liver conditions. If further evaluation is needed, a CT scan can provide a clearer picture of the extent of liver fat and help classify the condition as mild, moderate, or severe. MRI scans, especially those using specialized techniques, can accurately measure the amount of fat in the liver. Another important tool is FibroScan, a non-invasive test that measures liver stiffness and helps detect early signs of fibrosis or cirrhosis, which are serious complications of untreated fatty liver disease.

These diagnostic tools, when used together, offer a comprehensive approach to identifying and managing fatty liver disease effectively. Early detection through these tests can significantly improve long-term health outcomes.