Does Fatty Liver Cause Elevated Transaminase Levels?

Fatty liver can indeed lead to elevated transaminase levels, particularly in cases of fatty liver inflammation. Clinically, fatty liver disease is categorized into several types including simple fatty liver, fatty liver inflammation (steatohepatitis), fatty liver fibrosis, and fatty liver cirrhosis. In cases of simple fatty liver, patients typically show abnormalities in imaging tests but maintain normal liver enzyme levels and often experience no noticeable symptoms.

In contrast, fatty liver inflammation is commonly associated with abnormal liver function tests, especially elevated levels of transaminases or gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). More severe cases may also show increased bilirubin levels, along with abnormal ultrasound results. As the condition progresses to fatty liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, elevated transaminase levels are frequently observed as well.

When it comes to treatment, addressing the underlying cause is essential. Patients should consider weight management, alcohol cessation, and discontinuation of hepatotoxic medications. Additionally, treating conditions like hepatitis C can also help improve liver health.

Supportive liver therapy is often used alongside lifestyle changes to protect liver function and reduce enzyme levels. Commonly prescribed medications include anti-inflammatory and liver-protecting agents such as glycyrrhizin compounds—examples include compound glycyrrhizin, diammonium glycyrrhizinate, and magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate. For those experiencing elevated bilirubin, medications like S-adenosylmethionine and ursodeoxycholic acid can help improve bile flow and reduce jaundice.

Early diagnosis and appropriate management are key to preventing the progression of fatty liver disease. Regular monitoring of liver enzymes and adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with fatty liver conditions.