Causes of Gastric Ptosis Explained

Gastric ptosis, or stomach prolapse, occurs when the diaphragm and supporting ligaments lose their strength, leading to a downward displacement of the stomach. This condition typically happens when the abdominal muscles weaken or the internal pressure in the abdomen decreases. As a result, when a person stands upright, the stomach may drop into the pelvic cavity. Medical imaging, such as gastrointestinal fluoroscopy, often reveals that the lower curvature of the stomach extends below the intercristal line — a key indicator of gastric ptosis.

In a healthy individual, the stomach is located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity. When standing, its lowest point should not extend more than two finger-widths below the navel. However, in people with gastric ptosis, the stomach sits significantly lower than normal. One helpful analogy is to imagine a hanging lamp — if the cord or support weakens, the lamp sags downward. Similarly, if the stomach's supporting structures weaken, the organ may descend.

This condition is most commonly observed in individuals who are underweight or have a naturally slender build. The lack of adequate abdominal fat and muscle tone can contribute to weakened internal support. Additionally, those who engage in intense physical activity immediately after eating may also be at risk. When the stomach is full, the added weight can pull it downward, especially if the ligaments that hold it in place are already weakened.

Factors that may contribute to ligament laxity or diaphragmatic displacement include rapid weight loss, chronic abdominal strain, and poor posture. Over time, these elements can compromise the structural integrity of the abdominal cavity, increasing the likelihood of gastric ptosis. Understanding these causes can help individuals make lifestyle adjustments to reduce their risk and manage symptoms effectively.