Early Signs and Symptoms of Primary Liver Cancer

Primary liver cancer can develop with subtle symptoms, especially in its early stages. One of the most important early signs is a feeling of fullness or discomfort in the upper right side of the abdomen. This may be accompanied by mild pain or tenderness in the same area.

Other common symptoms include abdominal bloating, nausea, vomiting, and changes in bowel habits such as constipation or diarrhea. These symptoms can be easily overlooked or mistaken for less serious conditions, which is why awareness and early screening are crucial, especially for individuals at higher risk.

When liver cancer is detected early, the chances of successful treatment significantly increase. In many cases, primary liver cancer can be cured through radical surgical removal of the tumor if diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis often relies on imaging tests and blood markers, particularly alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels.

For patients diagnosed at a more advanced, but still intermediate stage, aggressive treatment options such as targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and locoregional treatments can lead to improved outcomes. With timely and appropriate interventions, about 60% of these patients may survive for five years or more.

In the case of late-stage liver cancer, treatment becomes more complex and typically involves a combination of therapies aimed at controlling the disease and improving quality of life. Even in advanced cases, active treatment can help extend survival by approximately one to three years.

Overall, recognizing the early signs of primary liver cancer and seeking prompt medical evaluation are essential steps in improving prognosis. Regular screening for those with risk factors such as chronic hepatitis B or C, cirrhosis, or a family history of liver cancer can make a significant difference in early detection and treatment success.