Early Signs and Symptoms of Liver Cancer

Liver cancer often develops silently, with most patients not showing obvious symptoms during the initial stages. This early phase is commonly referred to as subclinical liver cancer. During this period, the only indicator may be a positive serum AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) test, while typical signs and symptoms are usually absent. Most cases are detected during routine screenings or long-term monitoring of chronic liver diseases.

One of the most common symptoms that may appear as the disease progresses is pain in the liver area. Tumors located in the upper part of the right lobe of the liver can spread to the diaphragm, causing discomfort or pain in the right shoulder or back. As the condition advances, liver enlargement becomes more noticeable. When a tumor grows downward, it may protrude below the right ribcage or near the shoulder blade. If it grows upward toward the diaphragm, it can cause the diaphragm to shift.

In addition to localized symptoms, there are other physical indicators that may appear in later stages. Because liver tumors are rich in blood vessels, a sudden narrowing of arteries or pressure from a large tumor mass can result in a blowing vascular murmur in the affected area. Signs of cirrhosis may also be present, further complicating the clinical picture. Beyond that, patients may experience general, systemic symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, and weakness.

Recognizing these early warning signs is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment. Individuals with a history of chronic liver disease or other risk factors should consider regular medical checkups and imaging tests to detect any abnormalities at an early stage. Early detection significantly improves the chances of successful intervention and better health outcomes.