Liver Cancer Ablation: Understanding the Potential Side Effects

The most common side effects following liver cancer ablation are pain and fever. The pain is typically localized around the treatment area and is usually mild to moderate. Fever, often referred to as "absorption fever," occurs due to the body's natural process of breaking down destroyed tumor tissue. This type of fever is generally low-grade, rarely exceeding 38.5°C, and tends to subside within 3 to 5 days. If the fever persists or escalates beyond this timeframe, it may indicate complications such as infection or the formation of a liver abscess, which require prompt medical attention.

Although rare, more serious side effects can occur if nearby organs or structures are inadvertently affected during the procedure. For instance, injury to the bile ducts or blood vessels may lead to complications such as intra-abdominal bleeding or bile duct infection. These situations demand immediate intervention and careful monitoring. Another uncommon but significant risk is tumor seeding along the needle tract, which can result in cancer cell spread.

In some cases, accidental puncture of the lungs may occur, potentially causing conditions like pneumothorax (collapsed lung), hemothorax (blood in the pleural cavity), or shortness of breath. If the needle unintentionally reaches the heart, it could lead to pericardial bleeding, a potentially life-threatening complication. However, when performed by an experienced physician using advanced imaging guidance, liver ablation is considered a safe and effective treatment option. Choosing a skilled medical team significantly reduces the likelihood of these rare complications.

In summary, while liver cancer ablation is generally well tolerated, patients should be aware of the potential side effects and understand when to seek medical help. Open communication with your healthcare provider before and after the procedure is key to ensuring a safe and smooth recovery.