Why Do Late-Stage Liver Cancer Patients Eat Less and Less?

Decreased Liver Function

In the late stages of liver cancer, liver function significantly declines. The liver's ability to produce bile weakens, which is essential for digestion. Additionally, congestion in the liver and gastrointestinal tract makes it harder for patients to digest food, leading to a reduced appetite and less food intake.

Portal Hypertension Complications

As liver cancer progresses, portal hypertension often worsens. This condition increases resistance to blood flow from the intestines to the liver, causing intestinal congestion. As a result, the digestive system becomes less efficient, and patients may feel full quickly or lose interest in eating altogether.

Increased Metabolic Demand

Liver cancer is a highly metabolic disease that consumes the body's energy reserves, including fat, protein, and muscle tissue. As the disease advances, patients often experience fatigue and physical deterioration, which can significantly reduce their desire and ability to eat.

Coexisting Cirrhosis and Fluid Retention

Many late-stage liver cancer patients also suffer from cirrhosis. This can lead to symptoms such as leg swelling, abdominal fluid buildup (ascites), and bloating. These physical discomforts can severely impact a patient's appetite and ability to consume regular meals.