Gastric Cancer Diagnosis: Essential Tests You Should Know

When it comes to diagnosing gastric cancer, early detection plays a crucial role in improving treatment outcomes. Here are the most commonly used diagnostic methods:

1. Gastroscopy – The Most Direct and Effective Method
Gastroscopy allows doctors to visually examine the stomach lining and identify any abnormal growths or ulcers. During the procedure, tissue samples can be collected for biopsy, which helps confirm the presence of cancer cells.

2. Ascites Analysis for Advanced Cases
In more advanced stages of gastric cancer, some patients may develop ascites, which is the buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity. In such cases, a sample of the fluid can be extracted and analyzed for cancer cells, especially when gastroscopy is not feasible.

3. Lymph Node Biopsy for Metastasis Evaluation
If there is swelling in the left supraclavicular lymph node, a lymph node biopsy can be performed. This test not only detects cancer cells but also helps determine the origin of the tumor, which is essential for staging and treatment planning.

4. Liver Biopsy to Check for Metastasis
Gastric cancer can sometimes spread to the liver. If imaging tests suggest a metastatic lesion near the surface of the liver, a liver biopsy may be recommended to confirm whether the cancer has spread.

5. Genetic Testing for Personalized Diagnosis
Advancements in medical science now allow for genetic analysis using peripheral blood samples. This type of testing can provide valuable insights into hereditary risk factors and help in early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.

These diagnostic tools are essential in confirming gastric cancer and determining the most effective treatment plan. If you experience symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, or difficulty eating, it's important to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.