Common Symptoms of Colitis and What You Need to Know

Colitis, an inflammatory condition of the colon, can cause a wide range of symptoms that vary in severity. One of the most common signs is abdominal pain, typically located in the lower left side of the abdomen. The pain can range from a dull ache to sharp, intense cramping and may be accompanied by bloating or a feeling of fullness.

Another key symptom is irregular bowel habits. Patients often experience alternating episodes of diarrhea and constipation, although diarrhea tends to dominate. This may include frequent bowel movements, loose stools containing mucus, and in more severe cases, stools mixed with pus or blood.

In addition to gastrointestinal issues, many individuals suffer from reduced appetite, nausea, and vomiting. These systemic symptoms can lead to fatigue and weight loss over time, especially if the condition remains untreated.

Physical examination may reveal tenderness in the lower left abdomen. In mild cases, there may be no rebound tenderness, but in more advanced stages, this can develop along with reduced bowel sounds.

To confirm a diagnosis, doctors typically recommend a colonoscopy, which allows for direct visualization of the colon lining and biopsy if needed. While there is currently no cure or specific miracle drug for colitis, treatment usually focuses on reducing inflammation and managing symptoms through medication and lifestyle adjustments.

If you suspect you have colitis, it's important to seek medical advice early to prevent complications and improve long-term outcomes.