Can People with IgA Nephropathy Eat Seafood? What You Need to Know
Understanding IgA Nephropathy and Dietary Considerations
IgA nephropathy, also known as Berger's disease, is a chronic kidney condition that primarily affects adolescents and young adults. It occurs when immunoglobulin A (IgA) builds up in the kidneys, leading to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli—the tiny filters within the kidneys responsible for removing waste from the blood. As this condition progresses, patients may experience symptoms such as hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (excess protein in the urine). Given the impact on kidney function, diet plays a crucial role in managing the disease and preventing further complications.
Is Seafood Safe for Individuals with IgA Nephropathy?
Seafood is widely appreciated for its rich nutritional profile, offering high-quality protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and essential vitamins like B12 and D. These nutrients support heart health, reduce inflammation, and contribute to overall well-being—benefits that many young people, in particular, seek through their diets. However, for individuals diagnosed with IgA nephropathy, the decision to include seafood in their meals requires careful evaluation based on individual health markers.
When Seafood May Be Acceptable
For patients whose IgA nephropathy presents only with mild symptoms such as isolated microscopic hematuria or low-level proteinuria—and who have normal kidney function and uric acid levels—moderate consumption of certain types of seafood can be considered safe. Choosing low-purine options like salmon, trout, or scallops in controlled portions may provide nutritional advantages without significantly increasing metabolic stress on the kidneys.
When to Avoid or Limit Seafood Intake
A significant number of IgA nephropathy patients also develop comorbidities such as hyperuricemia (high uric acid levels) and impaired renal function. In these cases, consuming seafood becomes a concern due to its naturally high purine content. Purines are broken down into uric acid in the body, and excessive intake can lead to elevated serum uric acid levels, increasing the risk of gout and kidney stone formation. Additionally, many shellfish and oily fish are rich in phosphorus, which can accumulate in the bloodstream when kidneys aren't functioning properly, potentially causing bone disorders and cardiovascular issues—a condition known as secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Key Factors to Evaluate Before Eating Seafood
Before adding seafood to your diet, it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian who specializes in renal nutrition. Blood tests should be reviewed to assess:
- Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) – indicators of kidney function
- Serum uric acid levels – to detect hyperuricemia
- Serum phosphorus and calcium levels – to monitor mineral balance
Based on these results, personalized dietary recommendations can be made to help protect kidney health while still meeting nutritional needs.
Practical Tips for a Kidney-Friendly Diet
Beyond seafood choices, maintaining a balanced, kidney-supportive diet is vital for managing IgA nephropathy. Focus on fresh vegetables, whole grains (in moderation), lean proteins such as skinless poultry or plant-based alternatives, and staying well-hydrated. Limiting sodium, processed foods, and alcohol can also reduce strain on the kidneys. Cooking methods matter too—opt for steaming, grilling, or baking instead of frying or heavy seasoning.
Conclusion: Personalized Nutrition Makes a Difference
While seafood offers numerous health benefits, individuals with IgA nephropathy must approach it cautiously. The key lies in understanding your unique clinical picture. If lab results show normal uric acid and kidney function, limited and strategic seafood consumption may be acceptable. However, if there are signs of hyperuricemia, elevated phosphorus, or declining kidney function, it's best to avoid high-purine and high-phosphorus seafood altogether. Always tailor your diet under medical supervision to ensure long-term kidney protection and optimal quality of life.