Difference Between Proctitis and Colitis Symptoms

Proctitis and colitis are both inflammatory conditions affecting parts of the large intestine, but they differ in location and symptom presentation. Proctitis specifically refers to inflammation limited to the rectum, while colitis involves a broader area including the sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon, or even the entire colon.

One of the most common signs of colitis is abnormal bowel movements. Patients may experience increased frequency of bowel movements, watery diarrhea, or discomfort and pain during bowel movements. In more severe cases, the inflammation can lead to mucosal erosion, congestion, and swelling in the colon, which may result in symptoms such as bloody or mucus-filled stools.

In addition to the symptoms commonly seen in colitis, proctitis presents with some distinct features. People with proctitis often feel a strong urgency to pass stool, but have difficulty doing so—this sensation is known as tenesmus or rectal irritation. It's a hallmark symptom that indicates the inflammation is localized primarily in the rectal area.

While there is an overlap in symptoms between proctitis and colitis, such as abdominal pain, increased bowel frequency, and watery diarrhea, the feeling of tenesmus is much more pronounced in cases of proctitis. This distinction can help doctors determine whether the inflammation is limited to the rectum or extends further into the colon.

Understanding these differences is important for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. If you're experiencing persistent gastrointestinal symptoms, it's always best to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation.