Colon Cancer And Colitis: Understanding The Key Differences In Symptoms

When comparing colon cancer and colitis, it is crucial to recognize the distinct symptoms associated with each condition. Early-stage colon cancer often presents no noticeable symptoms, making it particularly difficult to detect without medical screening. As the disease progresses to the middle stage, individuals may begin to experience abdominal pain and bloating. In advanced stages, more severe signs such as anemia and unexplained weight loss—common indicators of a condition known as cachexia—may appear.

If the cancer develops in the right side of the colon, it can lead to secondary infections that cause symptoms like abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue due to anemia. In some cases, a physical mass may be felt during examination. On the other hand, when colon cancer affects the left side of the colon, the narrower intestinal passage can result in circular narrowing, which often leads to bowel obstruction and difficulty passing stool. However, detecting a mass in this area is less common.

In contrast, colitis typically manifests as abdominal pain accompanied by diarrhea. Changes in bowel habits are frequent, and some patients may also alternate between diarrhea and constipation. These symptoms can overlap significantly with those of early or mid-stage colon cancer, sometimes even appearing more pronounced.

As colon cancer advances, symptoms such as blood in the stool, significant weight loss, and systemic complications like lymph node metastasis or ascites become apparent. Metastasis to the liver can lead to impaired liver function, further complicating the patient's condition.

For individuals over the age of 45, especially those whose symptoms persist despite treatment for colitis, it is highly recommended to undergo a colonoscopy at a medical facility to rule out the presence of colorectal tumors. Early detection through proper screening plays a vital role in improving outcomes and managing these conditions effectively.