Pseudomembranous Colitis Symptoms and What You Need to Know

Pseudomembranous colitis is a condition characterized by excessive fibrin exudation in the small intestine and colon, leading to the formation of pseudomembranes. This disorder is commonly associated with antibiotic use, which disrupts the normal gut microbiota and allows Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) to proliferate.

One of the primary symptoms of this condition is diarrhea. In mild cases, patients may experience three to four bowel movements per day, while more severe cases can result in over ten episodes daily. Alongside diarrhea, individuals may suffer from abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. In extreme situations, the illness can progress to shock, requiring immediate medical attention.

Who is at risk? The disease is closely linked to prolonged antibiotic therapy. Elderly individuals, those with weakened immune systems, patients suffering from chronic infections, or those with inflammatory bowel disease are particularly vulnerable. If someone in these high-risk groups develops persistent, difficult-to-treat diarrhea after extended antibiotic use, pseudomembranous colitis should be considered as a possible diagnosis.

A key diagnostic tool is colonoscopy, which often reveals significant mucosal swelling, erosion, and the presence of pseudomembranes on the colon lining. Early detection is crucial, and targeted treatment against C. difficile can effectively manage the condition and prevent complications.

Timely intervention is essential to avoid progression to life-threatening conditions. If you or a loved one experiences unexplained, recurrent diarrhea following antibiotic treatment, consult a healthcare provider promptly for evaluation and testing.