What Is Reflux Esophagitis?

Reflux esophagitis is a type of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter relaxes inappropriately due to various factors. This malfunction allows stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus, causing damage to the esophageal mucosa. Depending on the severity of the mucosal injury, reflux esophagitis can be classified into four grades: Grade A, Grade B, Grade C, and Grade D.

Understanding the Different Grades of Esophagitis

Each grade represents a different level of tissue damage in the esophagus. Grade A is characterized by one or more erosions less than 5 mm in size, while Grade D involves extensive circumferential erosions. Proper diagnosis of the grade helps determine the most effective treatment approach.

Common Symptoms of Reflux Esophagitis

The primary symptoms include heartburn and acid regurgitation. In some cases, patients may also experience reflux-related conditions such as asthma, chronic cough, or pharyngitis. These symptoms can significantly affect quality of life if not managed properly.

Lifestyle Adjustments and Treatment Options

Managing reflux esophagitis involves both lifestyle modifications and medical treatment. It's important to maintain a calm mindset, eat slowly, and avoid stress, anxiety, and depression. Spicy and highly acidic foods should also be avoided to reduce irritation.

Medications That Help Control Symptoms

The most commonly prescribed medications for reflux esophagitis are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which help reduce stomach acid production and allow the esophagus to heal. In combination with medication, consistent lifestyle changes are crucial for long-term relief and prevention of recurrence.