What Department Should You Visit for Swollen Armpit Lymph Nodes?
Swollen lymph nodes under the arm, also known as axillary lymphadenopathy, are a common medical concern that often prompts patients to seek medical advice. While this condition may not always signal a serious health issue, it's essential to understand which medical specialty to consult and what underlying causes might be responsible.
Which Medical Department Handles Axillary Lymph Node Swelling?
Patients experiencing swollen armpit lymph nodes should typically start by visiting the General Surgery department. General surgeons are trained to evaluate and diagnose abnormalities in the lymphatic system, including localized swelling in the axilla (armpit). They can conduct a thorough physical examination and order necessary diagnostic tests to determine the root cause.
In many cases, especially when cancer is suspected, patients may be referred to other specialists such as oncologists, hematologists, or breast health specialists, depending on accompanying symptoms and medical history.
Understanding the Role of Lymph Nodes
Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped glands that are part of the body's immune system. The axillary lymph nodes, located in the armpit, help filter lymph fluid from the arms, chest, and upper back. Their primary function is to trap and destroy harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, and even cancer cells.
When the body detects an infection or abnormality in nearby tissues, these lymph nodes may swell as they become more active. This response is a natural defense mechanism and usually indicates that the immune system is working properly.
Common Causes of Swollen Axillary Lymph Nodes
Infections are among the most frequent causes. Bacterial or viral infections in the arm, hand, or chest wall—such as cellulitis, infected cuts, or even shingles—can trigger localized lymph node enlargement.
Vaccinations, particularly those administered in the upper arm (like flu or COVID-19 vaccines), may also lead to temporary lymph node swelling as the immune system responds to the vaccine.
In women, breast-related conditions must be carefully evaluated. Breast infections (mastitis) or, more seriously, breast cancer, can spread to the axillary lymph nodes, causing them to enlarge. Routine screening and prompt evaluation are crucial in such cases.
Serious Conditions That May Cause Lymph Node Enlargement
While most cases are benign and resolve on their own, persistent or rapidly growing lymph nodes could indicate more serious conditions. These include:
- Lymphoma – a type of cancer originating in the lymphatic system
- Leukemia – a blood cancer affecting white blood cells
- Metastatic cancers – tumors from other parts of the body spreading to lymph nodes
If the swelling lasts longer than two weeks, is painless, feels hard or fixed in place, or continues to grow, further investigation is strongly recommended.
Diagnostic Procedures and When to Seek Help
To determine the exact cause, doctors may recommend imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans. In some cases, a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or biopsy may be performed to extract cells for laboratory analysis.
Early diagnosis is key to effective treatment. If you notice any unusual lump or swelling in your armpit—especially if accompanied by unexplained weight loss, night sweats, or fever—it's important to schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider without delay.
In summary, while swollen axillary lymph nodes are often linked to minor infections, they can sometimes point to more complex health issues. Starting with a visit to the General Surgery department ensures proper assessment and timely referral if needed. Staying informed and proactive about your health leads to better outcomes and peace of mind.