Bile Reflux Gastritis: Understanding Its Common Symptoms

Bile reflux gastritis is a prevalent form of gastritis that occurs when bile flows back from the small intestine into the stomach. Bile, produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, normally enters the duodenum through the common bile duct. However, if the pylorus or the duodenal sphincter is not functioning properly, bile can flow backward into the stomach. The main damaging agents in this condition are unconjugated bile salts and pancreatic enzymes, which can irritate and damage the stomach lining.

One of the most common symptoms is a bitter taste in the mouth. Bile is alkaline with a pH of around 7.4 and has a distinctly bitter flavor. Patients often report waking up with a bitter or sour taste, especially in the morning.

Another key indicator is upper abdominal pain and burning sensations. Many individuals experience discomfort such as stomach pain, heartburn, and acid regurgitation. These symptoms arise due to the corrosive effects of bile and pancreatic enzymes on the gastric mucosa, often described as a burning or searing pain.

Pain in the upper right quadrant is also frequently reported. Some patients describe discomfort in the right side of the abdomen, often mistaken for gallbladder issues like cholecystitis. Initially, the pain may feel like sharp, intermittent jabs, but it can progress into a constant, dull ache as the condition worsens.

In addition, excessive salivation and a craving for cold drinks are typical signs. Due to the burning sensation in the stomach, many individuals find relief by consuming cold beverages or eating chilled fruits.

In summary, the most common symptoms of bile reflux gastritis include heartburn, burning discomfort, bloating, acid regurgitation, and abdominal pain. Accurate diagnosis is essential, as treatment should target the underlying cause. It is highly recommended to seek medical advice for proper evaluation and management to prevent complications and improve quality of life.