Can Chronic Gastritis Be Cured?

Chronic gastritis comes in different forms, including chronic non-atrophic gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis. In some cases, it may be accompanied by erosions, known as erosive gastritis, or bile reflux, referred to as bile reflux gastritis. Another variation is characterized by wart-like elevations, called verrucous gastritis.

Most cases of chronic non-atrophic gastritis can be successfully treated and even cured, especially with early diagnosis and appropriate therapy. For chronic atrophic gastritis, while many cases can experience regression with proper treatment, a small percentage may progress to precancerous changes such as intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. Currently, reversing these specific pathological changes remains a challenge in medical science.

Acute gastritis generally has a favorable prognosis, provided that there hasn't been severe tissue damage caused by chemicals or toxins. In most cases, the condition can be fully resolved with timely medical intervention. For instance, patients undergoing major surgeries, especially those involving the brain or heart, may develop acute gastric mucosal injury. However, with acid suppression and mucosal protection therapies, recovery is usually achievable.

The treatment duration for chronic non-atrophic gastritis typically ranges from 2 to 4 weeks, and many patients respond well within this timeframe. On the other hand, treating atrophic gastritis often requires a longer course—some patients may need up to six months or even a year before a follow-up endoscopy is recommended.

Patients diagnosed with atrophic gastritis and precancerous lesions must adhere strictly to their doctor's advice for regular endoscopic monitoring. This allows for early detection and treatment if early-stage gastric cancer develops. Moreover, individuals who have undergone treatment for chronic gastritis but still exhibit conditions like intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia should undergo periodic evaluations.

The frequency of follow-up endoscopies varies depending on individual risk factors and disease severity. It's essential to monitor the degree of mucosal atrophy, including both the gastric body and antrum, as well as the extent of intestinal metaplasia. Patients with low-grade dysplasia, severe intestinal metaplasia, or high-grade dysplasia may need a repeat endoscopy within three months. Others might require follow-ups every six months, annually, or even every three to five years.

Regular check-ups guided by a specialist are crucial to prevent overlooking potential disease progression. Personalized medical guidance ensures optimal management and reduces the risk of complications associated with chronic gastritis.