Bronchial Asthma Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Holistic Approach to Long-Term Relief
Understanding Bronchial Asthma Through a TCM Lens
In the realm of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), bronchial asthma is viewed not merely as a respiratory disorder but as a complex imbalance involving multiple organ systems. Unlike Western medicine, which often focuses on symptom suppression, TCM emphasizes restoring harmony within the body by addressing both the immediate symptoms and the underlying root causes. The guiding principle in managing asthma with TCM is clear: treat the acute phase by resolving surface symptoms, and during remission, focus on strengthening internal organs—especially the Spleen—to prevent recurrence.
Phase One: Treating the Manifestation During Acute Episodes
When an asthma attack occurs, TCM practitioners prioritize treating the "manifestation" or the immediate symptoms. Although phlegm (referred to as "retained fluid" in TCM) is considered the fundamental trigger, it does not act alone. During flare-ups, three key pathological factors interact—phlegm accumulation, Qi stagnation, and blood stasis. These interrelated imbalances manifest clinically as wheezing, labored breathing, gurgling sounds in the throat, and in severe cases, cyanosis of the lips, face, and extremities.
The Triad of Phlegm, Qi, and Blood in Asthma Attacks
To effectively manage acute episodes, treatment must simultaneously address these three components, with a primary focus on regulating Qi flow. In TCM theory, smooth Qi movement helps dissolve phlegm, while promoting circulation alleviates blood stasis. When Qi flows freely, phlegm naturally diminishes; when Qi circulates properly, blood follows suit. This integrated approach ensures comprehensive relief rather than temporary suppression.
A classic herbal formula used during this phase is Ping Xiao Tang (Anti-Asthma Decoction), which is specifically designed to regulate lung Qi, resolve phlegm, and dispel blood stasis. By harmonizing these functions, the formula helps reduce airway constriction and improve respiratory function naturally.
Phase Two: Addressing the Root Cause During Remission
Once the acute symptoms subside, the therapeutic strategy shifts from symptom control to root-cause correction. According to TCM, the persistent presence of phlegm lodged in the lungs stems from Spleen deficiency. The Spleen plays a central role in transforming food and fluids into usable energy (Qi) and nutrients. When the Spleen is weak, dampness accumulates, leading to the formation of internal phlegm that eventually migrates to the lungs.
Spleen Deficiency and Its Systemic Impact
This dysfunction doesn't only affect respiration—it disrupts the entire metabolic balance. A weakened Spleen fails to nourish the Lungs properly and cannot support Kidney function, which governs respiration and water metabolism. Over time, chronic phlegm retention damages both Lung and Kidney systems, resulting in persistent coughing, shortness of breath, fatigue, poor appetite, and shallow breathing.
Clinically, patients in the remission phase often exhibit signs of Spleen Qi deficiency: a pale tongue with a thin white coating, weak pulse, low energy, and digestive issues. Therefore, the cornerstone of long-term management lies in strengthening the Spleen through herbal therapy, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle modifications.
Supporting Lung and Kidney Function for Comprehensive Healing
While Spleen tonification is the priority, many patients also present with secondary deficiencies in the Lungs and Kidneys. In such cases, treatment should include herbs that reinforce Lung Qi and consolidate Kidney Qi to enhance respiratory stamina and reduce susceptibility to triggers like cold weather or allergens.
By adopting a phased, system-wide approach—calming the storm during attacks and rebuilding resilience during calm periods—TCM offers a sustainable path toward reducing asthma frequency and improving overall vitality. This holistic model aligns well with modern integrative health principles, making it increasingly relevant for individuals seeking natural, long-term solutions for chronic respiratory conditions.