Symptoms of Mycoplasma Pneumonia: What You Need to Know

One of the most common signs of a Mycoplasma infection is a persistent, dry cough that typically starts as an occasional irritation but quickly becomes more intense and frequent. This hacking cough often occurs in sudden bursts and can be quite disruptive, especially at night. Unlike typical cold-related coughs, it usually doesn't produce mucus initially, making it particularly uncomfortable and difficult to manage without proper treatment.

Progression from Dry Cough to Productive Symptoms

As the infection progresses, the nature of the cough tends to change. After several days or even a week, patients may begin to notice an increase in phlegm production. The mucus becomes thicker and more viscous, sometimes tinged with small streaks of blood—this is due to irritation and inflammation in the airways. While bloody sputum can be alarming, it's generally not a cause for panic if it occurs infrequently and in small amounts.

Respiratory Distress and Wheezing in Severe Cases

In more advanced or untreated cases, Mycoplasma pneumonia can lead to breathing difficulties and even wheezing, especially in individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions such as asthma. Wheezing indicates airway constriction and should prompt immediate medical evaluation. Children and elderly patients are particularly vulnerable, with younger kids often showing atypical symptoms like rapid breathing, chest retractions, or signs of labored respiration rather than classic cough patterns.

Slow-Onset Illness Mimicking Mild Cold or Flu

Mycoplasma infections are notorious for their gradual onset, which can make early diagnosis challenging. Many patients mistake the illness for a common cold or mild flu. Initial symptoms often include sore throat (pharyngitis) and bronchial irritation, progressing slowly over time. Because the disease develops subtly, people may delay seeking care until symptoms become more pronounced.

Common Systemic Symptoms Beyond Respiratory Issues

Besides respiratory manifestations, Mycoplasma pneumonia can trigger a range of systemic symptoms. These include chest discomfort, especially when coughing deeply, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are also reported in a significant number of cases. Some patients experience joint pain or muscle aches, further complicating the clinical picture and mimicking other viral illnesses.

Early recognition of these diverse symptoms is crucial for timely intervention. If you or a loved one experiences a prolonged dry cough accompanied by any of the above signs, especially without improvement after 7–10 days, consulting a healthcare provider is strongly recommended. Proper diagnosis through clinical evaluation and testing can prevent complications and support faster recovery.