Mycoplasma Infections in Children: Symptoms, Duration, and What Parents Should Know

One of the most common respiratory illnesses affecting school-aged children is mycoplasma infection, particularly among kids between the ages of 5 and 12. This type of infection tends to spread easily in group settings such as daycare centers and elementary schools, where close contact is frequent. Often referred to as "walking pneumonia" when it progresses to the lungs, mycoplasma infections can range from mild cold-like symptoms to more severe respiratory conditions requiring medical attention.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Mycoplasma Infection in Kids

Mycoplasma bacteria primarily target the respiratory system, and symptoms can vary depending on whether the infection remains in the upper airways or spreads to the lower respiratory tract. In many cases, children experience a combination of upper and lower respiratory symptoms.

Upper Respiratory Symptoms

When the infection is limited to the upper respiratory tract, children may develop symptoms similar to the common cold. These include fever, runny nose, sneezing, and sore throat. These signs are often mistaken for a typical viral illness, which can delay proper diagnosis and treatment.

Lower Respiratory Complications

If the infection moves deeper into the respiratory system, it can affect the trachea, bronchi, or even lead to pneumonia—commonly known as mycoplasma pneumonia. This condition is increasingly recognized in pediatric populations and can result in prolonged illness if not properly managed.

Understanding the Persistent Dry Cough

One of the hallmark symptoms of mycoplasma infection is a persistent, dry cough that produces little to no mucus. Unlike typical cold-related coughs, this cough is often intense and can worsen at night, significantly disrupting sleep. Many parents report that their children struggle to fall asleep or wake up frequently due to uncontrollable bouts of coughing.

This nighttime aggravation can be distressing for both children and caregivers. The cough may linger for days or even weeks after other symptoms have subsided, making it one of the most challenging aspects of recovery.

Duration and Recovery Timeline

Another defining feature of mycoplasma infections is their extended duration. While some children recover within 1–2 weeks, others may experience symptoms for up to four weeks or longer. This prolonged course often leads parents to seek medical advice, especially if there's no improvement with over-the-counter remedies.

It's important to note that because mycoplasma is a type of bacteria (though different from typical bacteria), it doesn't respond to all antibiotics. However, specific treatments like macrolides are effective when prescribed early, especially in moderate to severe cases.

When to See a Doctor

Parents should consult a healthcare provider if their child exhibits difficulty breathing, high fever lasting more than a few days, worsening cough, or signs of dehydration. Early diagnosis through clinical evaluation and sometimes lab testing can help prevent complications and support faster recovery.

In summary, mycoplasma infections are a prevalent yet often underestimated cause of respiratory illness in children. Recognizing the unique pattern of symptoms—especially the persistent dry cough and extended illness duration—can empower parents to seek timely care and ensure their child returns to health safely and efficiently.