Can Mycoplasma Infection in Women Affect Fertility?

Understanding the Link Between Mycoplasma and Female Fertility

Yes, mycoplasma infection in women can significantly impact fertility. This often-overlooked bacterial infection has the potential to interfere with a woman's ability to conceive and maintain a healthy pregnancy. While mycoplasma is sometimes asymptomatic, it can quietly cause damage to the reproductive system, making it crucial for women planning to become pregnant to be aware of its risks.

How Mycoplasma Impacts Reproductive Health

Mycoplasma species, particularly Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum, are known to colonize the urogenital tract. When left untreated, these bacteria can ascend into the upper reproductive organs, leading to serious complications such as endometritis (inflammation of the uterine lining) and salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes). These inflammatory conditions can result in scarring or blockages within the fallopian tubes, which greatly reduce the chances of natural conception by preventing the egg and sperm from meeting.

Risks During Pregnancy if Infected

Even if conception occurs while a woman is infected with mycoplasma, the risks don't end there. There is an increased likelihood of early pregnancy complications, including threatened miscarriage and preterm labor. The chronic inflammation caused by the infection may disrupt the delicate environment needed for embryo implantation and development. Furthermore, studies suggest that the inflammatory response can interfere with nutrient absorption in the endometrial tissue, potentially depriving the developing embryo of essential resources—leading to poor embryonic growth or even embryonic arrest.

Why Treatment Should Come First

Medical experts strongly recommend completing a full course of treatment before attempting pregnancy. Antibiotic therapy tailored to the specific strain of mycoplasma can effectively clear the infection. Waiting until follow-up tests confirm the infection is fully eradicated not only improves fertility outcomes but also supports a safer, healthier pregnancy journey.

Supporting Long-Term Reproductive Wellness

Beyond treating the immediate infection, women should consider routine reproductive health screenings, especially if experiencing unexplained infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss. Early detection and management of infections like mycoplasma can make a significant difference in preserving fertility and ensuring optimal maternal and fetal health.

In summary, while mycoplasma infection poses real challenges to conception and pregnancy maintenance, it is both treatable and manageable. Taking proactive steps to address the infection before conception sets the foundation for a more successful and lower-risk pregnancy experience.